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Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes

Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes

Oxymercuration–reduction of alkenes is one of the major reactions converting alkenes to alcohols. It involves the hydration of alkenes with mercuric acetate in a mixture of tetrahydrofuran and water, forming an organomercury adduct. This is followed by a demercuration step in which the adduct is reduced to an alcohol using sodium borohydride.

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions.

Chemical Symbols

Chemical Symbols

A chemical symbol is an abbreviation that is used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. We use the same symbol to indicate one atom of mercury (microscopic domain) or to label a container of many atoms of the element mercury (macroscopic domain).
Some symbols are derived from the common name of the element; others are abbreviations of the name in another language. Most symbols have one or two letters, but three-letter symbols have been used...

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Study of the Complexation of Mercury(II) with Dicysteinyl Tetrapeptides by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

A Study of the Complexation of Mercury(II) with Dicysteinyl Tetrapeptides by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: January 8, 2016

Dichlorido(di-2-pyridylamine)mercury(II).

Mohammad Yousefi, Mohammad Reza Allahgholi Ghasri, Amene Heidari

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online

|May 18, 2011

Summary

This study details the crystal structure of a mercury(II) compound with a di-2-pyridylamine ligand. The molecule features a distorted tetrahedral geometry and forms dimers through hydrogen bonding.

Area of Science:

Coordination Chemistry
Crystallography
Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

Di-2-pyridylamine is a versatile chelating ligand with applications in coordination chemistry.
Mercury(II) complexes are of interest due to their diverse structural motifs and potential applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the crystal structure and intermolecular interactions of the title mercury(II) compound.
To characterize the coordination environment around the mercury(II) ion.

Main Methods:

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
Analysis of intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, was performed.

Main Results:

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Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

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A Study of the Complexation of Mercury(II) with Dicysteinyl Tetrapeptides by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

A Study of the Complexation of Mercury(II) with Dicysteinyl Tetrapeptides by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: January 8, 2016

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Compact Quantum Dots for Single-molecule Imaging

Published on: October 9, 2012

The mercury(II) center exhibits a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry, bonded to two nitrogen atoms of the di-2-pyridylamine ligand and two chloride ions.
Intermolecular N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds were identified, leading to the formation of centrosymmetric dimers in the crystal lattice.
A π-π stacking interaction between pyridine rings was observed with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.896 Å.

Conclusions:

The crystal structure reveals a unique coordination environment for mercury(II) with the di-2-pyridylamine ligand.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking play a significant role in the self-assembly of the crystal structure.
The findings contribute to the understanding of supramolecular architectures in mercury coordination compounds.