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Related Concept Videos

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene01:15

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene

Chlorination and bromination are important classes of electrophilic aromatic substitutions, where benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to give halogenated substitution products. A Lewis acid such as aluminium chloride or ferric chloride catalyzes the chlorination, and ferric bromide catalyzes the bromination reactions. During the bromination of alkenes, bromine polarizes and becomes electrophilic. However, in the bromination of benzene, the bromine...
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For disubstituted benzene derivatives, with two groups attached to the benzene ring, three constitutional isomers are possible. For example, consider dimethyl benzene, often called xylene, where the second methyl group can be substituted at the second, third, or fourth carbon. The relative position of the substituents is represented by prefixes ortho, meta, or...
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NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...

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N-Benzyl-N-methyl-morpholinium chloride.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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N-Benzyl-N-ethyl-morpholinium chloride.

Yan-Jiang Bian1

  • 1Faculty of Chemistry and Material Science, Langfang Teachers' College, Hebei, Langfang 065000, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The crystal structure of a morpholine compound was determined, revealing a chair conformation for the morpholine ring. Molecules were observed to link via weak C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds in the solid state.

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Solid-state chemistry
  • Organic chemistry

Background:

  • Morpholine derivatives are important in medicinal chemistry and materials science.
  • Understanding the solid-state structure of organic compounds is crucial for predicting their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the crystal structure of the title compound, C(13)H(20)NO(+)·Cl(-).
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to elucidate the molecular and crystal structure.
  • Analysis of the crystal structure to identify hydrogen bonding and other non-covalent interactions.

Main Results:

  • The title compound crystallizes with the morpholine ring adopting a chair conformation.

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  • Weak intermolecular C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds were identified as the primary linking motif between molecules.
  • The crystal packing is influenced by these hydrogen bonds, contributing to the overall stability of the structure.

    • Conclusions:

    • The study provides detailed structural information about the title morpholine derivative.
    • The presence of C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding influences the solid-state arrangement and packing of the molecules.
    • This structural insight can be valuable for the design of new materials or pharmaceutical compounds based on morpholine scaffolds.