Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN101:14

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN1

Treating arylamines with nitrous acid gives aryldiazonium salts that are effective substrates in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The diazonio group in these salts can be easily displaced by different nucleophiles, yielding a wide variety of substituted benzenes. The leaving group departs as nitrogen gas, and this easy elimination is the driving force for the substitution reaction.
In the Sandmeyer reaction, for example, the diazonio group is replaced by a chloro, bromo, or cyano...
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition01:11

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is confirmed through isotopic...
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions01:20

Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions

Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hypomethylation of <i>GCNT2</i> isoform A correlates with transcriptional expression and is associated with poor survival in acute myeloid leukemia.

Frontiers in immunology·2025
Same author

[Risk Factors and a Prediction Model for Frequent Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease].

Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae·2024
Same author

Clinical value of regional lymph node sorting in gastric cancer.

World journal of gastrointestinal oncology·2022
Same author

<i>Circ_0002232</i> Acts as a Potential Biomarker for AML and Reveals a Potential ceRNA Network of <i>Circ_0002232</i>/<i>miR-92a-3p</i>/<i>PTEN</i>.

Cancer management and research·2020
Same author

Comparative genome-wide DNA methylation analysis reveals epigenomic differences in response to heat-humidity stress in Bombyx mori.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2020
Same author

[Mandibular Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case report].

Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
12:30

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

Published on: April 9, 2018

3-Nitro-benzaldehyde thio-semicarbazone.

De-Hong Wu1, Zhu-Feng Li, You-Hong Zhang

  • 1Ordered Matter Science Research Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study details the crystal structure of a novel organic compound, C(8)H(8)N(4)O(2)S. The research reveals specific molecular configurations and intermolecular interactions, highlighting its unique crystal packing.

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates
08:47

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework
12:30

Synthesis of a Thiol Building Block for the Crystallization of a Semiconducting Gyroidal Metal-sulfur Framework

Published on: April 9, 2018

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates
08:47

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding the solid-state structure of organic molecules is crucial for predicting their physical and chemical properties.
  • The title compound, C(8)H(8)N(4)O(2)S, represents a class of molecules with potential applications in various chemical fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the detailed molecular structure and crystal packing of the title compound, C(8)H(8)N(4)O(2)S.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions governing the solid-state arrangement of this organic molecule.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure of the compound.
  • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and intermolecular contacts was performed.

Main Results:

  • The molecule adopts an E configuration about both C-N bonds.
  • Adjacent molecules are linked by intermolecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds.
  • These interactions result in the formation of one-dimensional chains aligned parallel to the b axis.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C(8)H(8)N(4)O(2)S is characterized by specific stereochemistry and a hydrogen-bonding network.
  • The observed chain-like assembly provides insights into the self-assembly behavior of this class of compounds.