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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

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Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
Published on: June 23, 2019
3-Amino-5-bromo-2-iodo-pyridine
Summary
Researchers synthesized a novel pyridine compound, C(5)H(4)BrIN, by reacting 3-amino-5-bromo-pyridine with N-iodo-succinimide. The crystal structure reveals molecules linked in chains via hydrogen bonds.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Crystallography
Background:
- Pyridine derivatives are important in medicinal chemistry and materials science.
- Halogenation of pyridines is a key synthetic strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize a novel dihalogenated pyridine compound.
- To investigate the intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure.
Main Methods:
- Chemical synthesis involving the reaction of 3-amino-5-bromo-pyridine with N-iodo-succinimide.
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural analysis.
Main Results:
- Successful synthesis of 2-iodo-5-bromo-3-aminopyridine (C(5)H(4)BrIN).
- Crystal structure determination revealed a unique packing arrangement.
- Weak intermolecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds were observed, forming chains along the z-axis.
Conclusions:
- The study reports a new synthetic route to a dihalogenated pyridine.
- The crystal structure provides insights into intermolecular forces in related compounds.
Related Concept Videos
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines
Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Fluorination and Iodination of Benzene
Bromination and chlorination of aromatic rings by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions are easily achieved, but fluorination and iodination are difficult to achieve. Fluorine is so reactive that its reaction with benzene is difficult to control, resulting in poor yields of monofluoroaromatic products. To address this, Selectfluor reagent is used as a fluorine source in which a fluorine atom is bonded to a positively charged nitrogen.
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines
The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.

