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1-(5-Bromo-2-hydr-oxy-4-methoxy-phen-yl)ethanone.
Summary
The crystal structure of a novel brominated ethanone derivative was elucidated. Molecular conformation is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding and intermolecular pi-pi interactions between aromatic rings.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Organic Chemistry
- Molecular Structure
Background:
- Understanding molecular conformation and intermolecular forces is crucial in crystal engineering.
- Aromatic compounds with specific functional groups exhibit unique packing behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the crystal structure of the title compound, C(9)H(9)BrO(3).
- To analyze the molecular conformation and identify stabilizing interactions within the crystal lattice.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was performed.
- The dihedral angle between the ethanone group and the aromatic ring was measured.
- Intramolecular hydrogen bonding and intermolecular pi-pi interactions were investigated.
Main Results:
- The dihedral angle between the ethanone group and the aromatic ring was found to be 3.6(2)°.
- An intramolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bond was identified, stabilizing the molecular conformation.
- The crystal structure is further stabilized by pi-pi interactions between benzene rings with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.588(2) Å.
Conclusions:
- The study provides detailed structural insights into the C(9)H(9)BrO(3) compound.
- Intramolecular hydrogen bonding and pi-pi stacking are key factors governing the crystal packing and stability.
- This structural information can be valuable for designing related organic materials.
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Structure and Nomenclature of Ethers
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Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent groups, ethers can be classified into two...
Ethers are organic compounds with an ether functional group which is characterized by an oxygen atom connected to two — identical or different — alkyl, aryl, or vinyl groups. The C–O–C linkage in dimethyl ether — the simplest ether — has an approximately tetrahedral bond angle of 110.3 degrees. The oxygen atom is sp3- hybridized, with the C–O distance being about 140 pm.
Classification of Ethers
Based on their attached substituent groups, ethers can be classified into two...
Formation of Halohydrin from Alkenes
An alkene, such as propene, reacts with bromine in the presence of water to yield a halohydrin. Halohydrins contain a halogen and a hydroxyl group attached to adjacent carbons. When the halogen is bromine, it is called a bromohydrin, while a chlorohydrin has chlorine as the halogen.
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols
Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols
Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect
In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.

