Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Subliminal Perception01:15

Subliminal Perception

Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs. “eh”). Phonemes combine to...
Encoding01:19

Encoding

Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The lifetime of sequential memory traces.

Memory & cognition·2026
Same author

Non-specific increase in alpha power during a neurofeedback session targeting its downregulation.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Spontaneous Modulation of Alpha Power During a Neurofeedback Session Without Instructions.

Psychophysiology·2026
Same author

Alpha power increases spontaneously during a neurofeedback session.

Communications psychology·2026
Same author

Can vibratory bilateral stimulation reduce the emotionality and vividness of negative autobiographical memories?

Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry·2026
Same author

Association: one term, five concepts.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Lexical and sublexical units in speech perception.

Ibrahima Giroux1, Arnaud Rey

  • 1LEAD-CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon LPC-CNRS, Université de Provence, Marseille.

Cognitive Science
|May 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Infants use statistical learning to segment speech. This study shows that word segmentation relies on developing stronger lexical representations, not just sublexical unit associations, supporting clustering strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Computational Linguistics

Background:

  • Human infants exhibit sensitivity to statistical regularities in speech, aiding early word segmentation.
  • Two primary strategies for word segmentation are proposed: bracketing and clustering.
  • Computational models like Serial Recurrent Networks and Parser instantiate these strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the predictions of computational models for word segmentation strategies.
  • To compare lexical and sublexical recognition performance in adults after exposure to an artificial language.
  • To determine the underlying mechanisms of early word segmentation abilities.

Main Methods:

  • Adult participants were exposed to an artificial spoken language for either 2 or 10 minutes.

More Related Videos

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
06:48

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

Published on: June 25, 2019

  • Lexical and sublexical recognition performance was assessed after the exposure period.
  • The study compared performance against predictions from the Serial Recurrent Network (SRN) and Parser computational models.

    • Main Results:

    • Word recognition performance significantly improved compared to part-word recognition only after 10 minutes of exposure.
    • Results aligned with the predictions of the Parser model and the clustering approach to word segmentation.
    • No significant difference in performance was observed between the 2-minute and 10-minute groups for sublexical units.

    Conclusions:

    • Speech perception development involves the emergence of robust lexical representations, crucial for word segmentation.
    • The findings support clustering strategies, where infants group speech sequences into units, over bracketing strategies.
    • Early word segmentation abilities are attributed to the formation of stronger lexical representations rather than solely enhanced associations between sublexical units.