Varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox) infection in pregnancy
Ronald F Lamont1, Jack D Sobel, D Carrington
1Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA. rlamont@med.wayne.edu
Summary
Preventing maternal varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection through vaccination and outbreak control is crucial. Early VZV immunoglobulin and antiviral treatment can reduce serious fetal and newborn complications.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection during pregnancy poses significant risks.
- Congenital varicella syndrome, maternal pneumonia, and neonatal varicella can lead to severe fetomaternal morbidity and mortality.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the risks associated with maternal VZV infection.
- To emphasize preventive strategies and early interventions for VZV in pregnancy.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on VZV in pregnancy.
- Analysis of outcomes related to maternal VZV infection and interventions.
Main Results:
- Vaccination against VZV is effective in disease prevention.
- Outbreak control minimizes pregnant women's exposure to VZV.
- Maternal VZV immunoglobulin, with or without antivirals, can alter disease progression if given before rash onset.
Conclusions:
- Vaccination and outbreak control are key primary prevention strategies.
- Timely administration of VZV immunoglobulin and antivirals can mitigate severe outcomes.
- Protecting pregnant women from VZV is essential for reducing fetomaternal complications.
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