Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Undeca-carbonyl-1κC,2κC,3κC-[tris-(2-chloro-eth-yl) phosphite-1κP]-triangulo-triruthenium(0)

Omar Bin Shawkataly, Syed Sauban Ghani, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 19, 2011
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions11:44

    Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

    Published on: March 20, 2014

    Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus14:07

    Preparation and Use of Carbonyl-decorated Carbenes in the Activation of White Phosphorus

    Published on: October 3, 2014

    Related Concept Videos

    ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH301:11

    ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3

    All ortho–para directors, excluding halogens, are activating groups. These groups donate electrons to the ring, making the ring carbons electron-rich. Consequently, the reactivity of the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution increases. For instance, the nitration of anisole is about 10,000 times faster than the nitration of benzene. The electron-donating effect of the methoxy group in anisole activates the ortho and para positions on the ring and stabilizes the corresponding...
    Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Mechanism01:14

    Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Mechanism

    The Wittig reaction, which converts aldehydes or ketones to alkenes using phosphorus ylides, proceeds through a nucleophilic addition‒elimination process.
    The reaction begins with the nucleophilic addition between a phosphorus ylide and the carbonyl compound. Due to its carbanionic character, phosphorus ylide acts as a strong nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbonyl group. This generates a charge-separated dipolar intermediate called betaine. The negatively charged oxygen atom and...
    Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview01:19

    Aldehydes and Ketones to Alkenes: Wittig Reaction Overview

    The Wittig reaction is the conversion of carbonyl compounds-aldehydes and ketones-to alkenes using phosphorus ylides, or the Wittig reagent. The reaction was pioneered by Prof. Georg Wittig, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
    meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H01:13

    meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –⁠CO2R, –COR, –CO2H

    All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for the...
    Preparation of Epoxides03:00

    Preparation of Epoxides

    Overview
    Epoxides result from alkene oxidation, which can be achieved by a) air, b) peroxy acids, c) hypochlorous acids, and d) halohydrin cyclization.
    Epoxidation with Peroxy Acids
    Epoxidation of alkenes via oxidation with peroxy acids involves the conversion of a carbon–carbon double bond to an epoxide using the oxidizing agent meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, commonly known as MCPBA. Since the O–O bond of peroxy acids is very weak, the addition of electrophilic oxygen of peroxy acids to...
    ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens01:24

    ortho–para-Directing Deactivators: Halogens

    Halogens are ortho–para directors. They are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, as ring substituents, they can withdraw electrons through the inductive effect and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens also have an electron-donating resonance effect on the ring, which influences the orientation of the incoming electrophile. If an electrophile attacks at the ortho or the para position, the halogen donates electrons and stabilizes the intermediate...