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Related Concept Videos

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides01:16

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Acid Halides, Esters, and Acid Anhydrides

Naming Acid Halides
The IUPAC and common names of acid halides are derived from the corresponding carboxylic acids, by changing “ic acid” to “yl halide.” For example, as shown below, the IUPAC name ethanoyl chloride is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetyl chloride, is obtained from acetic acid.
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives01:35

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.

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Crystal structures of three <i>N</i>-acyl-hydrazone isomers.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2021
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Crystal structures and the Hirshfeld surface analysis of <i>(E)</i>-4-nitro-<i>N</i>'-(<i>o</i>-chloro, <i>o</i>- and <i>p</i>-methyl-benzyl-idene)benzene-sulfono-hydrazides.

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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of two (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-(<i>para</i>-substituted benzyl-idene) 4-chloro-benzene-sulfono-hydrazides.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2018
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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-[4-(piperidin-1-yl)benzyl-idene]aryl-sulfono-hydrazides.

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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>Z</i>)-4-chloro-<i>N</i>'-(4-oxo-thia-zol-idin-2-yl-idene)benzene-sulfono-hydrazide monohydrate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2018
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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-benzyl-idene-4-chloro-benzene-sulfono-hydrazide and of its (<i>E</i>)-4-chloro-<i>N</i>'-(<i>ortho</i>- and <i>para</i>-methyl-benzyl-idene)benzene-sulfono-hydrazide derivatives.

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Microfluidic Synthesis of Microgel Building Blocks for Microporous Annealed Particle Scaffold
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Published on: June 16, 2022

N-(4-Meth-oxy-phen-yl)maleamic acid.

B Thimme Gowda, Miroslav Tokarčík, K Shakuntala

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |May 19, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the crystal structure of a novel compound, C(11)H(11)NO(4). The molecules exhibit near-planar structures stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds, forming zigzag chains in the crystal lattice via intermolecular interactions.

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    A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics
    14:18

    A Strategy for Sensitive, Large Scale Quantitative Metabolomics

    Published on: May 27, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Molecular structure analysis
    • Organic chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding molecular interactions is crucial for materials science.
    • Crystal structure analysis provides insights into chemical bonding and intermolecular forces.
    • Maleamic acid derivatives are important in various chemical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(11)H(11)NO(4).
    • To analyze the molecular geometry and intermolecular interactions.
    • To investigate the role of hydrogen bonding in stabilizing the crystal lattice.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles.
    • Identification and analysis of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

    Main Results:

    • The asymmetric unit contains two unique, nearly planar molecules of C(11)H(11)NO(4).
    • Small dihedral angles (3.43° and 5.79°) were observed between the benzene ring and the maleamic acid unit.
    • Intramolecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds stabilize individual molecules, while intermolecular N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form zigzag chains in the crystal.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of C(11)H(11)NO(4) is characterized by near-planar molecular conformations.
    • Intramolecular hydrogen bonding plays a key role in molecular stabilization.
    • Intermolecular hydrogen bonding dictates the formation of extended zigzag chain structures in the solid state.