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Related Concept Videos

Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria01:07

Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria

Ladder diagrams are useful for evaluating equilibria involving metal-ligand complexes. The vertical scale of the ladder diagram represents the concentration of unreacted or free ligand, pL. The horizontal lines on the scale depict the log of stepwise formation constants for metal-ligand complexes and indicate the dominant species in all the regions.
The formation constant, K1, for the formation of Cd(NH3)2+ complex from cadmium and ammonia is 3.55 × 102. Log K1 (i.e. pNH3) is 2.55, and...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures
09:12

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures

Published on: August 10, 2017

[2-(3,5-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN)-1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N']bis-(nitrito-κO,O')cadmium(II).

Jing Min Shi1, Lin Meng, Yu Qing Wang

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|May 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study details a novel cadmium(II) complex, [Cd(NO2)2(C17H14N4)], revealing its distorted monocapped octahedral coordination. The crystal structure is notably stabilized by significant pi-pi stacking interactions.

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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

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The Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Chemical Bath Deposition of Bis(thiourea) Cadmium Chloride Crystals and the Subsequent CdS Obtention
05:21

The Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Chemical Bath Deposition of Bis(thiourea) Cadmium Chloride Crystals and the Subsequent CdS Obtention

Published on: August 30, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures
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Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures

Published on: August 10, 2017

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

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The Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Chemical Bath Deposition of Bis(thiourea) Cadmium Chloride Crystals and the Subsequent CdS Obtention
05:21

The Effect of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Chemical Bath Deposition of Bis(thiourea) Cadmium Chloride Crystals and the Subsequent CdS Obtention

Published on: August 30, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Coordination chemistry
  • Crystal engineering
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Cadmium complexes are of interest due to their diverse applications.
  • Understanding coordination geometry and intermolecular forces is crucial for designing new materials.
  • Pi-pi stacking interactions play a significant role in crystal lattice stabilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a new cadmium(II) complex.
  • To elucidate the coordination geometry around the cadmium(II) ion.
  • To investigate the intermolecular forces stabilizing the crystal structure.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
  • The coordination environment of the cadmium(II) ion was analyzed.
  • Intermolecular interactions, specifically pi-pi stacking, were quantified.

Main Results:

  • The cadmium(II) ion exhibits a distorted monocapped octahedral geometry.
  • The coordination sphere is composed of a N(3)O(4) donor set.
  • The crystal structure is stabilized by pi-pi stacking interactions with a shortest centroid-centroid distance of 3.5537(18) Å.

Conclusions:

  • A novel cadmium(II) complex with a unique coordination geometry has been synthesized.
  • Pi-pi stacking interactions are identified as a key factor in the crystal packing.
  • This structural insight can inform the design of related coordination compounds.