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Updated: Jun 1, 2026
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Creating Dynamic Images of Short-lived Dopamine Fluctuations with lp-ntPET: Dopamine Movies of Cigarette Smoking
Published on: August 6, 2013
Methylphenidate increases cigarette smoking in participants with ADHD
Andrea R Vansickel1, William W Stoops, Paul E A Glaser
1Department of Behavioral Science, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
Psychopharmacology
|May 19, 2011
Summary
Methylphenidate (Ritalin®) increases cigarette smoking in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinicians should consider non-stimulant options or counsel patients about this risk.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Psychiatry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Methylphenidate (Ritalin®) is a common treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- Previous research indicates methylphenidate may increase smoking in individuals without psychiatric diagnoses.
- The effect of methylphenidate on smoking in individuals diagnosed with ADHD remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the acute effects of methylphenidate on cigarette smoking in adults with ADHD.
- To assess dose-dependent responses to methylphenidate regarding smoking behavior.
Main Methods:
- A within-subjects, repeated measures design was employed.
- Nine adult smokers with ADHD (and nicotine dependence) received placebo or methylphenidate (10, 20, 40 mg).
- Smoking behavior (cigarettes, puffs, carbon monoxide) and caloric intake were measured over 4 hours post-ingestion.
Main Results:
- Methylphenidate significantly increased the number of cigarettes smoked.
- Total puffs and carbon monoxide levels were elevated following methylphenidate administration.
- Consumption of food items and caloric intake decreased with methylphenidate treatment.
Conclusions:
- Acute methylphenidate administration enhances cigarette smoking in individuals with ADHD.
- Findings align with previous studies in non-psychiatric populations.
- Clinicians should consider counseling ADHD patients who smoke or exploring non-stimulant alternatives.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
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