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Related Concept Videos

Synteny and Evolution02:31

Synteny and Evolution

John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral chromosome underwent...
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...
Evolutionary Processes in Microbes01:26

Evolutionary Processes in Microbes

Microbial evolution occurs rapidly due to short generation times and a variety of genetic processes, including horizontal gene transfer, mutation, recombination, and genetic drift. These mechanisms collectively enable microbes to adapt swiftly to changing environments.Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) allows genes to move between different species and occurs through three main mechanisms: conjugation, transformation, and transduction. Conjugation involves direct cell-to-cell contact for DNA...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
Applications of Molecular Taxonomy01:20

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...

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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Modeling an Enzyme Active Site using Molecular Visualization Freeware
14:37

Modeling an Enzyme Active Site using Molecular Visualization Freeware

Published on: December 25, 2021

The eyes have it: A Problem-Based Learning Exercise in Molecular Evolution.

Harold B White1

  • 1From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716. halwhite@udel.edu.

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education : a Bimonthly Publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
|May 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular evolution offers a unique problem-based learning framework, integrating biology and biochemistry. Students explore lactate dehydrogenase isozymes, gene evolution, and apply principles to a dinosaur world, enhancing engagement through science fiction.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Problem-based learning (PBL) effectively integrates diverse biological topics.
  • Molecular evolution presents a rich context for interdisciplinary PBL modules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a three-stage PBL problem for advanced students focused on molecular evolution.
  • To explore the structure, function, and evolutionary trade-offs of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes.

Main Methods:

  • Students engaged with classic literature and thermodynamic principles.
  • Applied evolutionary concepts to a hypothetical scenario of evolving dinosaurs.
  • Completed a science fiction writing assignment to synthesize learning.

Main Results:

  • The PBL module successfully integrated molecular biology, biochemistry, and evolutionary concepts.
  • Students demonstrated application of thermodynamic principles and evolutionary trade-offs.
  • The science fiction writing component significantly increased student interest and engagement.

Conclusions:

  • PBL is a valuable pedagogical approach for complex scientific topics like molecular evolution.
  • Integrating creative assignments enhances student engagement and understanding.
  • The study highlights the evolutionary dynamics of gene sharing versus gene duplication.