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Related Concept Videos

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
The Integrin family of proteins is primarily  involved in a...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

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Related Experiment Video

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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
05:39

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

Neural cell adhesion molecule expression in thyroid cancer.

Y Miyajima1, S Ota, H Yasukawa

  • 1KURUME UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL 2,KURUME,FUKUOKA 830,JAPAN.

Oncology Reports
|May 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is expressed in most thyroid tumors, aiding diagnosis. Strong NCAM expression in papillary carcinomas indicates higher risk of extra capsular invasion, offering prognostic value.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunohistochemistry

Background:

  • Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is an integral membrane glycoprotein crucial for cell-cell interactions.
  • NCAM's role in thyroid pathology is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate NCAM expression in various thyroid diseases using immunohistochemistry.
  • To correlate NCAM expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in thyroid carcinoma.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis of NCAM expression in 65 thyroid disease cases.
  • Evaluation of NCAM expression in normal thyroid tissue, chronic thyroiditis, follicular adenomas, and thyroid carcinomas.
  • Correlation of NCAM expression with clinical stage, nerve paralysis, and capsular invasion.

Main Results:

  • NCAM was not detected in normal thyroid follicular or parafollicular cells.
  • NCAM expression was observed in Hurthle cells in chronic thyroiditis.
  • NCAM was present in the majority of thyroid tumors, including papillary carcinomas, poorly differentiated follicular carcinomas, and some follicular adenomas.
  • No significant correlation was found between NCAM expression and clinical stage or recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis in thyroid carcinoma.
  • Strong NCAM expression in papillary carcinomas correlated with increased extra capsular invasion.

Conclusions:

  • Immunohistochemical detection of NCAM expression can support thyroid cancer histologic diagnosis.
  • NCAM expression provides prognostic information, particularly regarding extra capsular invasion in papillary carcinomas.