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Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Activation of Integrins01:15

Activation of Integrins

Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding events provide an effective stimulus.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells
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Defining Gene Functions in Tumorigenesis by Ex vivo Ablation of Floxed Alleles in Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Cells

Published on: August 25, 2021

Integrin b4 expression in peripheral-nerve tumors.

M Carlesimo1, S Giustini, A Richetta

  • 1UNIV GABRIELE DANNUNZIO,PATOL GEN LAB,I-66013 CHIETI,ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,DERMATOL CLIN,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,DIPARTIMENTO MED SPERIMENTALE,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. CRS IST REGINA ELENA STUDIO CURA TUMORI,ONCOGENESI MOLEC LAB,I-00158 ROME,ITALY.

Oncology Reports
|May 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The alpha 6 beta 4 integrin is present in normal nerve cells but decreases in neurofibromas and is absent in neurofibrosarcomas. This suggests its down-regulation is linked to peripheral nerve tumor progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Oncology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The alpha 6 beta 4 integrin complex plays roles in cell adhesion and signaling.
  • Its expression is noted in various cell types, including nerve cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression of the beta 4 integrin subunit in normal peripheral nerves and associated tumors.
  • To determine if alpha 6 beta 4 integrin expression changes during the progression of peripheral nerve tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemical analysis of the beta 4 integrin subunit.
  • Examination of normal peripheral nerve tissue, neurofibromas, and neurofibrosarcomas.

Main Results:

  • Beta 4 integrin was diffusely expressed in normal peripheral nerves, particularly at the perineurium and axon-Schwann cell interface.
  • Expression of beta 4 integrin was significantly reduced or undetectable in neurofibromas.
  • Neurofibrosarcomas showed negative immunohistochemical staining for beta 4 integrin.

Conclusions:

  • Down-regulation of alpha 6 beta 4 integrin correlates with the neoplastic progression of peripheral nerve tumors.
  • Changes in alpha 6 beta 4 integrin expression may serve as a biomarker for tumor development.