Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The value of microvascular flow imaging and color Doppler flow imaging in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant endometrial lesions.

Clinical radiology·2026

Same author

[Relationship between small vessel disease load and cerebral blood flow and white matter integrity in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular dementia].

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi·2026

Same author

[Aggressive NK-cell leukemia with CD5(+)CD10(-) monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report and literature review].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi·2026

Same author

Digestible indispensable amino acid score of energy-providing ingredients commonly used in diets.

The British journal of nutrition·2026

Same author

[Performance simulation study of a modified root canal irrigation needle based on computational fluid dynamics].

Zhonghua kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Zhonghua kouqiang yixue zazhi = Chinese journal of stomatology·2025

Same author

[Co-incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in female sex workers in Yunnan Province, 2023].

Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Predicting microstructures in polymer blends under two-step quench in two-dimensional space.

Y C Li¹, R P Shi, C P Wang

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials, and Research Center of Materials Design and Applications, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|May 24, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores nanostructure formation in binary polymers using computer simulations. Primary microstructures significantly influence secondary patterns, leading to core-shell or multicore/multishell structures.

More Related Videos

Fabrication of Polymer Microspheres for Optical Resonator and Laser Applications

Fabrication of Polymer Microspheres for Optical Resonator and Laser Applications

Published on: June 2, 2017

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

Fabrication of Polymer Microspheres for Optical Resonator and Laser Applications

Fabrication of Polymer Microspheres for Optical Resonator and Laser Applications

Published on: June 2, 2017

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

Area of Science:

Polymer Science
Materials Science
Computational Chemistry

Background:

Binary polymer systems exhibit liquid miscibility gaps, influencing phase behavior.
Two-step quenching processes can induce complex nanostructure formation.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate nanostructure formation during two-step quenching in binary polymer systems.
Analyze the influence of primary microstructures on secondary nanostructure development.
Examine the effects of viscosity on core-shell structure formation and droplet evolution.

Main Methods:

Utilized computer simulations employing the phase field method.
Simultaneously solved Cahn-Hilliard and Navier-Stokes equations to model coupled processes.
Investigated systems with various liquid miscibility gaps.

Main Results:

Predicted diverse phenomena and morphological patterns, including multicore/multishell and unicore/unishell structures.
Demonstrated that primary microstructures critically dictate secondary nanostructure morphology and scale.
Analyzed annulus breakup in 2D core-shell structures and viscosity effects on droplet coarsening.

Conclusions:

The two-step quench process offers tunable control over nanostructure formation in binary polymers.
Understanding primary microstructure evolution is key to designing desired secondary nanostructures.
Viscosity plays a crucial role in governing the morphology and dynamics of nanostructures.