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Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
06:53

Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

A linear single-molecule magnet based on [Ru(III)(CN)6]3-.

Kasper S Pedersen1, Jan Dreiser, Joscha Nehrkorn

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. ksp@kiku.dk bendix@kiku.dk

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|May 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the first molecular cluster and single-molecule magnet containing the hexacyanoruthenate(III) ion. Investigations revealed strong anisotropic magnetic interactions between manganese and ruthenium ions.

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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
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Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks

Published on: June 9, 2023

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene
09:45

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The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Magnetochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are crucial for advancing high-density data storage and quantum computing.
  • Incorporating transition metals like ruthenium into SMMs can tune magnetic properties.
  • The hexacyanoruthenate(III) ligand offers unique coordination possibilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize the first molecular cluster and SMM featuring the [Ru(III)(CN)6]3- unit.
  • To investigate the magnetic properties and exchange interactions within this novel system.
  • To explore the potential of ruthenium-cyanide complexes in SMM development.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a novel molecular cluster incorporating [Ru(III)(CN)6]3-.
  • Frequency-domain Fourier-transform THz-EPR spectroscopy to probe magnetic anisotropy.
  • Magnetic susceptibility measurements to determine magnetic behavior.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of the first molecular cluster and SMM containing [Ru(III)(CN)6]3-.
  • Frequency-domain Fourier-transform THz-EPR and magnetic susceptibility data indicate strong anisotropic Mn-Ru exchange interactions.
  • The results highlight the significant role of the ruthenium center in mediating magnetic coupling.

Conclusions:

  • The incorporation of [Ru(III)(CN)6]3- is a viable strategy for developing new molecular magnetic materials.
  • Strong anisotropic Mn-Ru exchange interactions were confirmed, influencing the magnetic properties.
  • This work opens new avenues for designing advanced single-molecule magnets with tailored magnetic characteristics.