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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
Published on: April 23, 2021
Cognitive impairment in patients with Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome
Siddharth Kharkar1, Robert Hernandez, Sachin Batra
1Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Introduction:
Patients with Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome (PTCS) may complain of difficulty in thinking or concentrating; however there has been little formal cognitive evaluation in this population.
Objective:
To evaluate the characteristics and nature of cognitive impairment in patients with PTCS.
Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed records of 10 patients diagnosed with PTCS who were cognitively tested at presentation. In each cognitive test, "Borderline deficit" (BD) was defined as a score more than 1 standard deviation (SD) below and "Definite Deficit" (DD) as a score more than 2 SD below the mean for age, sex and education. In each cognitive domain, impairment was defined as a single test score more than 2 SD below the mean, or scores of more than 1 SD below the mean for age, sex and education in > 50% of tests.
Results:
Mean age of patients was 43.4 ± 13.5 years. 8/10(80%) patients were female. 3/10(30%) had papilledema; 3/10(30%) had significant cerebral venous outflow obstruction. Impairment was most commonly seen and was most severe in the WMS logical memory I (BD-44%, DD-44%), WMS logical memory II (BD-37.5%, DD-50%), RAVLT delayed recall (BD-30%, DD-40%) and RAVLT retention(BD-40%, DD-30%) tests. Evaluation of cognitive domains revealed impairment in memory and learning (80%), executive function (10%), visuo-spatial skills (30%), and language (30%).
Conclusion:
Our results indicate that patients with PTCS can have significant cognitive impairment, particularly in learning and memory. The prevalence needs to be studied in a larger cohort. The relationship of cognitive impairment with chronically elevated intracranial pressures and its role in contributing to patient morbidity needs to be investigated further.
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