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Published on: May 29, 2020
High doses of olive leaf extract induce liver changes in mice
R Arantes-Rodrigues1, A Henriques, M J Pires
1Department of Veterinary Sciences, CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
Summary
Olive leaf extract (OLE) at higher concentrations negatively impacts mouse liver function. Studies show increased liver enzymes, cellular damage, fibrosis, and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics with OLE use.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Toxicology
- Natural Product Research
Background:
- Olive leaf extract (OLE) has been studied for its therapeutic properties since its commercialization in 1995.
- Research is ongoing to understand the safety and efficacy of OLE in various biological systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of different olive leaf extract (OLE) concentrations on mouse liver function over 14 weeks.
- To assess biochemical markers, histopathological changes, and mitochondrial function in response to OLE exposure.
Main Methods:
- Female ICR mice were administered OLE at 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% concentrations.
- Liver function was assessed by measuring serum enzymes (ALT, ALP, bilirubin, albumin) and performing liver histopathology (H&E, reticulin, Masson's trichrome).
- Mitochondrial bioenergetics, including membrane potential and respiratory control ratio, were evaluated.
Main Results:
- Significant increases in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed at 0.5% and 0.75% OLE concentrations.
- Histological analysis revealed bile duct hyperplasia, cholestasis, hepatocyte necrosis, and inflammation in OLE-treated groups.
- Hepatic fibrosis was evident at 0.5% and 0.75% OLE, with decreased mitochondrial function at higher doses.
Conclusions:
- Higher concentrations of olive leaf extract (OLE) induce significant liver injury and fibrosis in mice.
- OLE administration negatively affects liver cell viability and mitochondrial bioenergetics.
- These findings suggest potential hepatotoxicity associated with high-dose OLE consumption.