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Virtual Prism Adaptation Therapy: Protocol for Validation in Healthy Adults
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Prism adaptation and generalization during visually guided locomotor tasks.

M Scott Alexander1, Brent W G Flodin, Daniel S Marigold

  • 1Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 Univ. Dr., Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|May 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Healthy adults adapt quickly to visual challenges during walking and stepping tasks. This adaptation, involving visuomotor control, shows partial generalization between precision stepping and obstacle avoidance, suggesting internal models guide locomotion.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Locomotion adaptation is crucial for navigating complex environments.
  • Visuomotor mismatches challenge the nervous system's control of movement.
  • Understanding adaptation and generalization informs theories of motor learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate adaptation to a prism-induced visuomotor shift during two distinct locomotor tasks: precision stepping and obstacle avoidance.
  • To examine the generalization of adaptation between these two tasks.
  • To explore the underlying neural mechanisms, specifically internal models, for visually guided locomotion.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-four healthy young adults performed precision stepping and obstacle avoidance tasks under a rightward prism visual shift.
  • Measures included lateral end-point error (precision stepping) and toe clearance/lateral foot placement (obstacle avoidance).
  • Adaptation and generalization were assessed by analyzing performance changes during and after prism exposure.

Main Results:

  • Participants exhibited significant rightward deviations in foot placement initially, adapting over trials in both tasks.
  • Adaptation rates varied between the precision stepping and obstacle avoidance tasks.
  • Negative aftereffects were observed upon prism removal, and adaptation generalized unilaterally (left limb) across tasks.

Conclusions:

  • The nervous system rapidly adapts to visuomotor mismatches during demanding locomotor tasks.
  • Prism-induced adaptation can partially generalize across different visually guided locomotor tasks.
  • Findings support the role of internal models in the neural control of visually guided locomotion.