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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
09:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

Transverse myelitis.

Andrea T Borchers1, M Eric Gershwin

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|May 31, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a spinal cord inflammation causing neurological deficits. New research highlights higher incidence, female prevalence, and varied pediatric prognoses for idiopathic ATM, with insights into aquaporin-4 antibodies in NMO spectrum disorders.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4
09:29

Induction of Paralysis and Visual System Injury in Mice by T Cells Specific for Neuromyelitis Optica Autoantigen Aquaporin-4

Published on: August 21, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is an inflammatory spinal cord condition with diverse causes, often idiopathic.
  • Diagnostic criteria for ATM were established in 2002, but insights into idiopathic ATM's clinical course and outcomes remain limited.
  • Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) involves ATM and optic neuritis, with NMO-IgG as a key marker.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of acute transverse myelitis (ATM), focusing on idiopathic cases and recent advancements.
  • To explore epidemiological shifts in idiopathic ATM incidence and female preponderance.
  • To discuss the significance of aquaporin-4 antibodies in NMO spectrum disorders and potential ATM pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on ATM, idiopathic ATM, and NMO spectrum disorders.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data regarding ATM incidence and demographics.
  • Examination of research on NMO-IgG, aquaporin-4 antibodies, and their role in spinal cord inflammation.

Main Results:

  • Idiopathic ATM incidence and female predominance are higher than previously recognized.
  • Pediatric ATM prognosis may be less favorable than earlier studies suggested.
  • Aquaporin-4 antibodies are specific markers for NMO spectrum disorders and implicated in ATM pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the clinical characteristics, disease course, and outcomes of adult idiopathic ATM.
  • Understanding the role of aquaporin-4 antibodies offers potential insights into the pathogenic mechanisms of certain ATM types.
  • The NMO spectrum concept, defined by NMO-IgG positivity, broadens the understanding of related autoimmune channelopathies.