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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs

A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
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Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs

Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
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Transcript-specific, single-nucleotide polymorphism discovery and linkage analysis in hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum

Alexandra M Allen1, Gary L A Barker, Simon T Berry

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Plant Biotechnology Journal
|June 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Developing new molecular markers, like single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is key for improving wheat yields. This study details the creation and validation of 1114 SNPs, aiding future crop breeding efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Genetics
  • Plant Breeding

Background:

  • Global food security necessitates increased cereal crop yields.
  • Wheat breeding is challenged by genomic complexity and reduced genetic diversity.
  • Marker-assisted selection (MAS) requires accessible and affordable molecular markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a panel of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for hexaploid bread wheat.
  • To facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS) in wheat breeding programs.
  • To enable rapid generation of linkage maps for genetic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of wheat cDNA libraries.
  • Employed a novel sequence alignment and assembly approach for SNP discovery.
  • Developed and validated 1114 SNPs using competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) genotyping.
  • Genotyped 23 diverse wheat varieties and created a linkage map in a doubled haploid population.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed and validated a panel of 1114 SNPs in hexaploid bread wheat.
  • Demonstrated the utility of these SNPs across a broad range of wheat germplasm.
  • Generated a linkage map with several hundred SNP markers using KASP technology.
  • Showcased the feasibility of rapid SNP marker development and application.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SNP panel provides a valuable resource for wheat genetic research and breeding.
  • Accessible SNP genotyping technologies can accelerate the application of MAS in wheat improvement.
  • This work contributes to enhancing wheat for global food security through advanced breeding techniques.