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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Biomarkers for Detecting Human Sperm Functional Defects

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Prostasomal DNA characterization and transfer into human sperm.

Göran K Ronquist¹, Anders Larsson, Gunnar Ronquist

¹Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Molecular Reproduction and Development

|June 4, 2011

Summary

Human prostasomes, which are microvesicles from the prostate gland, carry chromosomal DNA fragments. These DNA fragments can be transferred to sperm, indicating a potential role in sperm epigenetics.

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Human prostasomes are exosome-like microvesicles secreted by prostate acinar cells.
These microvesicles have been identified as containing chromosomal DNA.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the nature and origin of DNA within human prostasomes.
To determine if prostasomal DNA can be transferred to sperm.

Main Methods:

Agarose gel electrophoresis and sequencing of prostasomal DNA.
Genome-wide DNA copy number analysis of prostasomal DNA.
Incubation of prostasomes with sperm and observation via fluorescence microscopy.

Main Results:

Prostasomal DNA displayed fragments over 12 kb, with a distinct ~1 kb band.
Sequencing revealed that 32% of cloned prostasomal DNA originated from genes.
Prostasomal DNA was observed to transfer to sperm, specifically the head region, indicating uptake rather than surface binding.

Conclusions:

Human prostasomes contain chromosomal DNA fragments, potentially derived randomly from the genome.
Prostasomes can transfer their DNA content to sperm.
This DNA transfer mechanism suggests a novel pathway for genetic material exchange in reproduction.