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Related Concept Videos

Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

From the study of resistive circuits, it is understood that employing a series-parallel combination serves as an effective strategy for simplifying circuits. Capacitors can be arranged within a circuit in one of two ways: a series configuration or a parallel configuration. The way these capacitors are connected to a battery will influence both the potential drop across each individual capacitor and the size of the charge that each capacitor can store. This is determined by the specific type of...
Equivalent Capacitance01:19

Equivalent Capacitance

Multiple capacitors can be connected in a circuit in series or parallel configuration. When the capacitor combination is connected to a battery, the potential drop across each capacitor and the magnitude of charge stored in the individual capacitor depends on the type of the connection. The capacitor combination is replaced by a single equivalent capacitor that stores the same amount of charge as the combination for a given potential difference.
The following strategies are adopted to calculate...
Wheatstone Bridge01:29

Wheatstone Bridge

An ohmmeter is a resistance-measuring device. It works by applying a voltage to a resistor of unknown resistance and measuring the current across the resistor. The resistance value is deduced using Ohm's law. Usually, the standard configuration of an ohmmeter comprises a voltmeter or an ammeter. However, such configurations are limited in accuracy because the meters alter the voltage applied to the resistor and the current that flows through it.
Thus, for accurate resistance measurements, a...
Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit01:20

Design Example: Capacitance Multiplier Circuit

In integrated circuit technology, a capacitance multiplier is often utilized to produce a larger capacitance value when a small physical capacitance falls short. This is achieved by a circuit that multiplies capacitance values by a factor of up to 1000, such that a 10-pF capacitor can replicate the performance of a 100-nF capacitor.
The circuit illustrated in Figure 1 below incorporates two op-amps, with the first operating as a voltage follower and the second acting as an inverting amplifier.
Capacitors and Capacitance01:18

Capacitors and Capacitance

A device consisting of two electrical conductors that are separated by a distance and used to store electrical charges is called a capacitor. The space between the conductors is either a vacuum or an insulating material, called a dielectric. Capacitors have many applications, ranging from filtering static from radio reception to energy storage in heart defibrillators.
When the conductors are two identical parallel plates, it is called a parallel plate capacitor. When battery terminals are...
Capacitance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line01:25

Capacitance: Single-Phase And Three-Phase Line

In electrical power systems, understanding the capacitance of transmission lines is fundamental for efficient operation.
Single-Phase Lines
Consider a single-phase, two-wire transmission line with equal phase spacing energized by a voltage source. One conductor carries a uniform positive charge, while the other carries an equal negative charge. The capacitance C of the line can be derived from the voltage V between the conductors. For a one-meter section of the line, the capacitance is given...

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Scanning-probe Single-electron Capacitance Spectroscopy
10:53

Scanning-probe Single-electron Capacitance Spectroscopy

Published on: July 30, 2013

An integrated capacitance bridge for high-resolution, wide temperature range quantum capacitance measurements.

Arash Hazeghi1, Joseph A Sulpizio, Georgi Diankov

  • 1Department of Electric Engineering, Stanford University, 476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California 94305, USA [corrected].

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

We developed a sensitive capacitance bridge for quantum capacitance measurements, achieving attofarad resolution. This tool enables precise measurement of nanostructure quantum capacitance, even at room temperature.

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Scanning-probe Single-electron Capacitance Spectroscopy
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Published on: January 19, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Measurement
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Accurate quantum capacitance measurements are crucial for understanding electron behavior in nanostructures.
  • Existing capacitance bridges often lack the sensitivity required for nanoscale devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive integrated capacitance bridge for quantum capacitance measurements.
  • To achieve attofarad (aF) resolution over a broad temperature range (4-300 K).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a GaAs HEMT amplifier in an integrated capacitance bridge design.
  • Employed a small AC excitation at or below k(B)T.
  • Tested the bridge using top-gated graphene nanostructures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 60 aF/√Hz resolution at room temperature with 10 mV AC excitation at 17.5 kHz.
  • Demonstrated improved resolution at cryogenic temperatures.
  • Successfully measured quantum capacitance of graphene devices, resolving the density of states.

Conclusions:

  • The developed capacitance bridge offers unprecedented sensitivity for quantum capacitance measurements.
  • This technology enables detailed characterization of nanostructures and their electronic properties.
  • The bridge is suitable for a wide range of temperatures, from cryogenic to room temperature.