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Related Concept Videos

Cognitivism01:17

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process information is...
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
Concepts and Prototypes01:24

Concepts and Prototypes

The human nervous system handles vast amounts of information by translating sensory stimuli into neural impulses, which the brain processes, creating thoughts expressed through language or stored as memories. The brain also synthesizes information from emotions and memories, which significantly influence thoughts and behaviors. This intricate process creates a comprehensive mental picture.
The brain organizes this information using concepts, which are mental categories grouping linguistic data,...
Cognition and Behavior01:23

Cognition and Behavior

Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory01:20

Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

The cognitive paradigm ontology: design and application.

Jessica A Turner1, Angela R Laird

  • 1Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA. jturner@mrn.org

Neuroinformatics
|June 7, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The Cognitive Paradigm Ontology (CogPO) standardizes descriptions of human behavioral experiments. This ontology facilitates advanced data retrieval in neuroimaging by categorizing paradigms by stimulus, response, and instruction.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Experimental Psychology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Cognitive tasks in research literature lack standardized descriptions.
  • Variations in stimuli, responses, and instructions complicate data comparison.
  • Existing ontologies do not fully capture the nuances of cognitive paradigms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop the Cognitive Paradigm Ontology (CogPO) for human behavioral experiments.
  • To standardize the representation of cognitive paradigms in neuroimaging research.
  • To improve data retrieval and analysis in functional neuroimaging.

Main Methods:

  • Developed CogPO based on the BrainMap project taxonomy.
  • Ensured compliance with the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO).

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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
14:38

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
14:38

Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

Published on: November 2, 2012

  • Harmonized with existing ontologies like RadLex, NeuroLex, and OBI.
  • Focused on representing stimuli, instructions, and responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Established a structured ontology for cognitive paradigms.
    • Included key components for representing experimental conditions.
    • Demonstrated the potential for advanced data retrieval through categorization.

    Conclusions:

    • CogPO provides a standardized framework for cognitive paradigms.
    • Standardization aids in identifying similarities and contrasts across studies.
    • The ontology is intended for use by the functional neuroimaging community.