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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Modeling Ascending Vaginal Infection, Preterm Birth, and Neonatal Morbidity in Mice
Published on: October 10, 2025
Cesarean versus vaginal delivery: long-term infant outcomes and the hygiene hypothesis
1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Human Development Building, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. neuj@peds.ufl.edu
Abstract:
Concurrent with the trend of increasing cesarean delivery numbers, there has been an epidemic of both autoimmune diseases and allergic diseases. Several theories have emerged suggesting that environmental influences are contributing to this phenomenon, most notably, the hygiene hypothesis. This article provides background about the human microbiota and its relationship to the developing immune system as well as the relationship of mode of delivery on the colonization of the infant intestine, development of the immune system, and subsequent childhood allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases.
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