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Related Concept Videos

Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Determination01:51

Determination

During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

T cell lineage commitment: identity and renunciation.

Ellen V Rothenberg1

  • 1Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. evroth@its.caltech.edu

Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|June 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

T cell precursors lose access to alternative cell fates through sequential regulatory changes. This process permanently silences other developmental potentials, confirming T cell identity and impacting hematopoietic relationships.

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Published on: December 7, 2015

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Last Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Mouse Na&#239;ve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets
07:12

Mouse Naïve CD4+ T Cell Isolation and In vitro Differentiation into T Cell Subsets

Published on: April 16, 2015

Isolation and Ex Vivo Culture of V&#948;1+CD4+&#947;&#948; T Cells, an Extrathymic &#945;&#946;T-cell Progenitor
10:33

Isolation and Ex Vivo Culture of Vδ1+CD4+γδ T Cells, an Extrathymic αβT-cell Progenitor

Published on: December 7, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • T cell development is a critical process for adaptive immunity.
  • Precursors must commit to the T cell lineage, losing potential to differentiate into other cell types.
  • Understanding this commitment is key to understanding immune system development and potential disruptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the sequential regulatory mechanisms governing T cell precursor commitment.
  • To identify the molecular basis for the irreversible silencing of alternative cell fates.
  • To explore the implications of this regulatory process for T cell lineage relationships within hematopoiesis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of transcriptional regulatory factors during T cell development.
  • Monitoring of signaling receptor (e.g., Notch1) expression dynamics.
  • Tracking of homing receptor expression to define cell migratory and identity states.

Main Results:

  • T cell precursors undergo a multi-stage process of losing access to other developmental pathways.
  • Three distinct levels of regulatory change—transcriptional, signaling, and homing receptors—contribute to lineage confirmation.
  • Alternative cell fate potentials are neutralized and permanently silenced via distinct molecular mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The commitment to the T cell lineage involves a complex, multi-layered regulatory strategy.
  • This "regulatory mosaic" ensures the stable and irreversible establishment of T cell identity.
  • The findings provide insights into the hierarchical organization of hematopoietic differentiation and T cell fate.