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Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
05:58

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

Value-driven attentional capture.

Brian A Anderson1, Patryk A Laurent, Steven Yantis

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA. bander33@jhu.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Previously neutral items linked to rewards capture attention, even when irrelevant. This value-driven attentional capture affects visual search and may relate to cognitive control in conditions like addiction.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Reward Learning

Background:

  • Attention prioritizes stimuli voluntarily (goals) and involuntarily (salience).
  • Value typically modulates voluntary attention, with less evidence for reward learning driving involuntary capture.
  • Understanding how learned value influences attention is crucial for cognitive control research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if task-irrelevant stimuli associated with reward capture attention.
  • To determine if this value-driven attentional capture persists during extinction.
  • To explore individual differences in vulnerability to value-driven attentional capture.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent a training session associating neutral visual stimuli with monetary reward.
  • Visual search tasks were conducted where previously trained, now irrelevant, stimuli were present.
  • Reaction times and eye movements were measured to assess attentional capture.
  • Individual differences in working memory capacity and trait impulsivity were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Inconspicuous, task-irrelevant items previously linked to reward slowed visual search.
  • This value-driven attentional capture occurred independently of physical salience and task goals.
  • Vulnerability to capture correlated with working memory capacity and trait impulsivity.

Conclusions:

  • Arbitrary stimuli imbued with value through associative learning powerfully capture attention.
  • This persistent, value-driven attentional capture occurs even during extinction.
  • This phenomenon offers a model for studying cognitive control deficits in clinical disorders.