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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR
14:44

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Published on: December 16, 2013

Books and Software: Getting the basics of NMR.

J D Roberts

    Analytical Chemistry
    |June 9, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This review covers modern Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy techniques. It provides a comprehensive overview for researchers and students in the field.

    Area of Science:

    • Chemistry
    • Physics
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a fundamental analytical technique.
    • Understanding modern NMR methods is crucial for advancements in various scientific disciplines.
    • A comprehensive review of current NMR spectroscopy is needed.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a thorough review of modern Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
    • To serve as an introductory resource for learning advanced NMR techniques.
    • To consolidate current knowledge and practices in the field of NMR spectroscopy.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of key advancements in NMR spectroscopy.
    • Synthesis of information on modern NMR methodologies.

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    Published on: December 16, 2013

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  • Analysis of the applications and impact of these techniques.

    • Main Results:

    • Detailed exposition of contemporary NMR pulse sequences and experimental designs.
    • Explanation of data processing and spectral interpretation for modern NMR.
    • Highlighting the versatility and power of current NMR spectroscopy.

    Conclusions:

    • Modern NMR spectroscopy offers powerful tools for molecular structure elucidation and dynamics.
    • This review serves as a valuable introduction to the field.
    • Continued exploration of NMR techniques will drive scientific discovery.