Distinctive neurons of the anterior cingulate and frontoinsular cortex: a historical perspective
William W Seeley1, Florian T Merkle, Stephanie E Gaus
1Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. wseeley@memory.ucsf.edu
Abstract:
Human anterior cingulate and frontoinsular cortices participate in healthy social-emotional processing. These regions feature 2 related layer 5 neuronal morphotypes, the von Economo neurons and fork cells. In this paper, we review the historical accounts of these neurons and provide a German-to-English translation of von Economo's seminal paper describing the neurons which have come to bear his name. We close with a brief discussion regarding the functional and clinical relevance of these neurons and their home regions.
Related Concept Videos
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System
Association Areas of the Cortex
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory
Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Lobes of the Cerebrum
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.


