Management of acute complications associated with sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease is the commonest haemoglobinopathy within the United Kingdom. Although the majority of patients will present to hospitals within major cities, this is not invariably the case. It is therefore important that all physicians on acute medical take are familiar with the acute management of sickle cell disease. This review encompasses the initial management which is subdivided into analgesia, investigations and supportive care. In addition the more severe complications of sickle cell, including the acute chest syndrome and stroke are covered. It should be remembered that close collaboration is required with the haematology department, particularly in those patients with respiratory distress or stroke, so that prompt arrangements can be made if exchange transfusion is required.