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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles01:30

Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles

A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned under...
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

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Acromegaly and sleep apnea: cephalometric evaluations.

A Bruwier1, A Albert, A Beckers

  • 1Service d'orthodontie et d'orthopédie dento-faciale, institut de dentisterie, Liège, Belgium. abruwier@yahoo.fr

Annales D'Endocrinologie
|June 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Acromegaly patients show distinct craniofacial changes, including increased mandibular ramus height and extended cranial base angles. These bone and soft tissue factors help predict sleep apnea severity in acromegaly.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Orthodontics
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Acromegaly, a disorder caused by excess growth hormone (GH), leads to significant craniofacial abnormalities.
  • Sleep apnea is prevalent in acromegalic patients, necessitating research into its underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate craniofacial morphological differences between acromegalic patients and controls.
  • To explore the relationship between craniofacial factors and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in acromegaly.

Main Methods:

  • Lateral teleradiography was used to compare craniofacial morphology in 20 acromegalic patients and 20 controls.
  • Correlation analysis was performed between bone, soft tissue factors, and AHI.

Main Results:

  • Acromegalic patients exhibited increased mandibular ramus height and a more extended cranial base angle.
  • Craniofacial bone and soft tissue factors effectively predicted AHI.
  • Growth hormone's impact was a contributing factor, but secondary to craniofacial structures.

Conclusions:

  • Craniofacial morphology plays a crucial role in sleep apnea development in acromegaly.
  • Understanding these anatomical changes can aid in predicting and potentially managing sleep apnea in acromegalic individuals.