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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

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Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

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Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
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Published on: November 23, 2014

Angiogenic factors.

Charbel C Khoury, Fuad N Ziyadeh

    Contributions to Nephrology
    |June 11, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in diabetic nephropathy (DN), a kidney disease. Targeting VEGF and related factors may offer new treatments for DN.

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    Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
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    09:04

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    Published on: March 15, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Endocrinology
    • Molecular Biology

    Background:

    • Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of diabetes.
    • Hemodynamic and metabolic changes drive DN pathogenesis.
    • Angiogenic factors are implicated in DN's vascular and pathological features.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of angiogenic factors, particularly vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in diabetic nephropathy.
    • To explore the mechanisms by which VEGF contributes to glomerular injury in diabetes.
    • To assess the therapeutic potential of targeting angiogenic factors in DN.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of VEGF expression and signaling in diabetic kidney models.
    • Experimental manipulation of VEGF levels in mice.
    • Examination of the interplay between VEGF and angiopoietins in the diabetic state.

    Main Results:

    • VEGF expression is upregulated early in diabetes and contributes to glomerulopathy.
    • Podocytes are a primary source of increased VEGF in diabetic kidneys.
    • Counteracting VEGF effects reverses key features of experimental DN, while overexpression replicates disease aspects.
    • Diabetes disrupts the balance of angiopoietins (Ang1/Ang2 ratio), influencing glomerular homeostasis.

    Conclusions:

    • VEGF acts as an etiological agent in diabetic glomerulopathy, affecting podocytes, endothelial cells, and macrophages.
    • The angiopoietin system is dysregulated in diabetes, impacting glomerular homeostasis.
    • Angiogenic factors, despite complex regulation, represent viable therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy.