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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Erythrocytes01:27

Disorders of Erythrocytes

Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
Erythrocyte disorders can be broadly categorized into two main types: anemic and polycythemic conditions.
A low oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood due to the loss, lower production, or destruction of erythrocytes is termed anemia. Hemorrhagic anemia, for example, occurs when bleeding from an external wound or internal ulcer reduces erythrocyte counts.
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In most mammalian species, females have two X sex chromosomes and males have an X and Y. As a result, mutations on the X chromosome in females may be masked by the presence of a normal allele on the second X. In contrast, a mutation on the X chromosome in males more often causes observable biological defects, as there is no normal X to compensate. Trait variations arising from mutations on the X chromosome are called “X-linked”.
X-linked Traits01:19

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Genetic variations significantly influence drug response through pharmacokinetics, receptor interactions, and biologic milieu modifications. Pharmacokinetic alterations impact drug metabolism and clearance, affecting efficacy and toxicity. Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, alter drug activation and elimination. For example, CYP2C9 loss-of-function variants require lower warfarin doses to prevent excessive bleeding, while CYP2C19 variants reduce clopidogrel...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics
09:29

Skeletal Muscle Gender Dimorphism from Proteomics

Published on: December 14, 2011

Polycythemia vera: gender-related phenotypic differences.

Raffaele Landolfi1, Leonardo Di Gennaro, Maria Anna Nicolazzi

  • 1Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Haemostasis Research Center, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy. rlandolfi@rm.unicatt.it

Internal and Emergency Medicine
|June 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gender significantly impacts polycythemia vera (PV) presentation. Men show higher rates of arterial thrombosis, while women experience more venous events, particularly splanchnic vein thrombosis, often at disease onset.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Gender Studies

Background:

  • Polycythemia vera (PV) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm.
  • Recent studies suggest gender influences JAK2(V617F) allele burden in PV.
  • The impact of gender on PV phenotype remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender-related differences in the clinical phenotype of polycythemia vera.
  • To analyze variations in thrombotic events and vascular risk factors between male and female PV patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the European Collaboration on Low-dose Aspirin in Polycythemia Vera (ECLAP) Study.
  • Analyzed clinical characteristics and outcomes of 1,638 polycythemic subjects.
  • Compared prevalence of myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease, and venous thrombosis between genders.

Main Results:

  • Men had higher rates of myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease at study entry.
  • Women exhibited a higher prevalence of venous thrombosis, including splanchnic vein thromboses, often presenting early.
  • Women had higher platelet counts and lower hematocrits; men had lower cholesterol levels.

Conclusions:

  • Significant gender-based differences exist in the thrombotic diathesis of polycythemia vera.
  • Gender influences the prevalence of specific vascular risk factors in PV patients.
  • These findings highlight the importance of considering gender in managing PV patients.