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Generalised musculoskeletal pain syndromes
Ana Filipa Mourão1, Fiona M Blyth, Jaime C Branco
1Rheumatology Department of Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, EPE, Hospital Egas Moniz Hospital, Lisbon and CEDOC - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology
|June 14, 2011
Summary
Chronic widespread pain (CWP) prevalence varies globally, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include female gender, age, distress, and obesity, while social support may offer protection.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Pain Medicine
- Genetics
Background:
- Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a global health concern with reported prevalence ranging from 4.2% to 13.3%.
- The etiology of CWP and fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is multifactorial, involving genetic susceptibility and environmental influences.
- Understanding epidemiological variations is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the descriptive epidemiology of chronic widespread pain (CWP) across diverse populations.
- To identify key risk factors associated with the occurrence, maintenance, and outcome of CWP and FMS.
- To investigate potential protective factors influencing CWP/FMS prognosis.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological studies on chronic widespread pain prevalence.
- Analysis of factors contributing to CWP/FMS aetiopathogenesis.
- Identification of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial risk and protective factors.
Main Results:
- CWP prevalence varies significantly between populations, suggesting complex underlying causes.
- Identified risk factors for CWP/FMS onset and persistence include female gender, advanced age, family history, distress, obesity, and poor physical/mental status.
- Factors negatively impacting CWP/FMS outcomes include psychological distress, somatization, fatigue, poor sleep, pain severity, comorbidities, and high healthcare utilization.
- Mild alcohol consumption and social support appear to have a protective effect on CWP/FMS outcomes.
Conclusions:
- CWP epidemiology is complex, influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
- Multiple risk factors contribute to the development and persistence of CWP/FMS, necessitating a multifactorial approach to management.
- Targeted interventions addressing psychological distress, sleep, and social support may improve outcomes for individuals with CWP/FMS.
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