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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
09:37

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control

Published on: July 5, 2015

Different states in visual working memory: when it guides attention and when it does not.

Christian N L Olivers1, Judith Peters, Roos Houtkamp

  • 1Department of Cognitive Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|June 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Selective attention is guided by active visual working memory (VWM) items, which act as an attentional template. Not all memorized items influence attention, suggesting a complex VWM organization.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Recent research highlights a strong link between visual working memory (VWM) and selective attention.
  • Attention appears to be guided by information actively held in mind.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the distinction between active and accessory memory items within VWM.
  • To investigate how different memory states influence attentional deployment and perception.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent empirical evidence.
  • Analysis of neurophysiological findings related to VWM and attention.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests that only active VWM items function as an 'attentional template,' directly impacting perception.
  • Items appear to compete for this template status, with only one object typically qualifying at a time.
  • Neurophysiological data indicate a more complex organization of VWM than previously understood.

Conclusions:

  • A distinction exists within VWM between items that guide attention (attentional templates) and those that do not.
  • The organization of VWM is more intricate, involving competition for attentional control.