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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction01:26

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Introduction

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic disorders marked by recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract due to an abnormal immune response against gut microflora. This leads to tissue damage. The two main forms are Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.Crohn’s DiseaseCrohn’s disease is a relapsing inflammatory disorder that can affect any part of the GI tract, from the mouth to the anus. It involves all layers of the bowel wall (transmural) and shows “skip lesions” in which...
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
Other Disorders of Digestive System01:30

Other Disorders of Digestive System

The gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to various disorders. If the lower esophageal sphincter is damaged, stomach acid can flow back into the esophagus, causing irritation and inflammation of the lining. This condition is called gastroesophageal reflux disease (known as heartburn) and may cause chest pain and difficulty swallowing. In the stomach, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, chronic alcohol consumption, bacterial infections such as Helicobacter...

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Using An In Vitro Tissue Perfusion System to Detect the Functional Activities of Isolated Intestinal Tubes in Real Time
06:01

Using An In Vitro Tissue Perfusion System to Detect the Functional Activities of Isolated Intestinal Tubes in Real Time

Published on: July 26, 2024

Postinfectious functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Fermín Mearin1

  • 1Institute of Functional and Motor Digestive Disorders Centro Médico Teknon, Barcelona, Spain. mearin@dr.teknon.es

Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology
|June 14, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) may develop after infections, causing lasting digestive changes. Understanding inflammation

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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Motility and Gut Wall Inflammation in Rodents: Analyses in a Standardized Model of Intestinal Manipulation
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) significantly impair quality of life and increase healthcare costs.
  • Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) is diagnosed after an acute illness (e.g., fever, vomiting, diarrhea) in individuals without prior IBS.
  • The exact mechanisms of PI-IBS are unclear, but transient inflammation is thought to cause lasting digestive alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the role of inflammatory mediators in PI-IBS.
  • To explore the mechanisms behind hypersensitivity, abdominal pain, and discomfort following acute inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent evidence on inflammatory mediators and PI-IBS.
  • Analysis of data linking inflammation, mast cell-nerve fiber interactions, and symptom development.
  • Examination of risk factors for developing PI-FGID.

Main Results:

  • Inflammatory mediators contribute to hypersensitivity in PI-IBS.
  • Anatomic changes involving mast cells and nerve fibers are implicated but not solely sufficient for symptom induction.
  • Risk factors for PI-FGID include illness duration, bacterial strain toxicity, smoking, inflammation markers, sex, and psychological factors.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammation plays a key role in the development of PI-IBS.
  • Predicting PI-IBS risk is possible by assessing multiple risk factors.
  • Further research into inflammatory pathways is crucial for understanding and managing PI-IBS.