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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...

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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

Immunotherapy concepts under investigation.

T M Kündig1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. thomas.kuendig@usz.ch

Allergy
|June 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New immunotherapy methods like intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) and transcutaneous/epicutaneous immunotherapy (TCIT, EPIT) offer faster, more convenient options for allergy treatment, potentially increasing patient access to allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT).

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Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Immunotherapy Research
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is highly effective for treating allergies but is underutilized due to its lengthy treatment duration (several years).
  • Conventional SIT involves repeated subcutaneous allergen administration, posing challenges for patient adherence and requiring significant time commitment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore and evaluate novel routes of allergen administration for immunotherapy.
  • To assess the efficacy, safety, and convenience of emerging immunotherapy techniques compared to conventional methods.
  • To highlight advancements that could broaden patient access to effective allergy treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT), involving direct administration of allergen into lymph nodes with fewer injections and lower doses.
  • Examined the use of recombinant allergens to enhance antigen-presenting cell uptake and reduce degradation in ILIT.
  • Reviewed transcutaneous/epicutaneous immunotherapy (TCIT, EPIT) utilizing skin patches for allergen delivery.

Main Results:

  • ILIT requires only three injections and a reduced allergen dose compared to subcutaneous administration.
  • Recombinant allergens further optimize ILIT by improving cellular uptake and stability.
  • Clinical trials demonstrate TCIT/EPIT to be safe and as effective as conventional immunotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Novel immunotherapy routes like ILIT and TCIT/EPIT offer significant advantages in terms of treatment duration and administration frequency.
  • These improved methods have the potential to increase patient adherence and broaden the availability of SIT.
  • Advancements in immunotherapy delivery systems provide greater personalized options for individuals with allergies.