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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
What is the Immune System?01:38

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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

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The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
10:07

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Published on: February 22, 2014

Resolution-associated molecular patterns (RAMP): RAMParts defending immunological homeostasis?

A M Shields1, G S Panayi, V M Corrigall

  • 1Academic Department of Rheumatology, King's College London School of Medicine at Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK.

Clinical and Experimental Immunology
|June 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resolution-associated molecular patterns (RAMPs) are newly identified extracellular stress proteins. These RAMPs, including heat shock proteins, help resolve inflammation and may lead to new immunotherapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Stress Response

Background:

  • Resolution of inflammation is crucial for immune homeostasis and health.
  • Intracellular stress proteins are increasingly recognized for extracellular anti-inflammatory roles.
  • Existing molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) primarily describe inflammatory triggers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a new classification for extracellular anti-inflammatory stress proteins.
  • To define Resolution-Associated Molecular Patterns (RAMPs) and their function.
  • To identify founding members of the RAMP family.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and conceptual synthesis.
  • Analysis of known functions of intracellular stress proteins.
  • Comparison with existing molecular pattern classifications (PAMPs, DAMPs).

Main Results:

  • Proposed definition of Resolution-Associated Molecular Patterns (RAMPs).
  • RAMPs are released during cellular stress to counteract inflammation.
  • Identified heat shock protein 10 (HSP10), αB-crystallin (αBC), HSP27, and BiP as potential RAMPs.

Conclusions:

  • RAMPs represent a novel class of molecules involved in resolving inflammation.
  • Understanding RAMP biology offers potential for developing new immunotherapies.
  • RAMPs balance the pro-inflammatory effects of PAMPs and DAMPs.