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Related Concept Videos

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiota

The human gut microbiome includes a diverse array of microbial species, including beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens, which interact to support host health. These microbes contribute to essential functions such as nutrient metabolism, immune system modulation, and maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity. However, disruptions to this equilibrium—referred to as dysbiosis—can have widespread physiological consequences.Dysbiosis is often characterized by reduced microbial...
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Commensal bacteria: the link between IBS and IBD?

Eamonn M M Quigley1

  • 1Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. e.quigley@ucc.ie

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|June 16, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The gut microbiota plays a role in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Research is ongoing to understand these complex interactions and develop new therapies for these conditions.

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Published on: May 2, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized for its role in gastrointestinal health and disease.
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are complex conditions with suspected links to microbial dysbiosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interactions between the host and microbiota in IBS and IBD.
  • To highlight commonalities and differences in these interactions between the two conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating the gut microbiota in IBS and IBD.
  • Analysis of evidence implicating microbial composition and function in disease pathogenesis.
  • Examination of the impact of interventions like antibiotics, prebiotics, and probiotics.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a role for the microbiota in the pathogenesis of both IBS and IBD.
  • Variations in microbial composition are observed between patients with IBS, IBD, and healthy controls.
  • Disruptions to the microbiota can predispose individuals to developing IBS and IBD.

Conclusions:

  • The complex interplay between the microbiota and host is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and plays a role in IBS and IBD pathogenesis.
  • While challenges remain in fully elucidating these interactions, they offer promising avenues for novel therapeutic strategies for both disorders.