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Related Concept Videos

Malaria01:29

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction01:22

Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction

Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
Trichomoniasis01:18

Trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated protozoan parasite and the causative agent of trichomoniasis, one of the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infections in the United States. This extracellular parasite primarily colonizes the lower genitourinary tract in women—particularly the vagina—and in men, the urethra and prostate. Its structural and functional adaptations enable its survival, motility, and pathogenicity within the host environment.Structural Features and Host EntryT.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
American Trypanosomiasis01:22

American Trypanosomiasis

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is a vector-borne parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a flagellated protozoan (kinetoplastid) of the family Trypanosomatidae. The disease is endemic in Latin America, although cases are increasingly reported worldwide due to human migration. Transmission most commonly occurs when feces of infected triatomine bugs contaminate bite wounds or mucosal surfaces; additional routes include congenital, transfusional, transplant-related, and oral...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages
08:23

Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages

Published on: May 30, 2019

Benign tertian malaria--a misnomer?

Chanaveerappa Bammigatti1, Sirish Shetty, Seema Shetty

  • 1Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Medicine, Puducherry, India. bammigatti@yahoo.com

Tropical Doctor
|June 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Plasmodium vivax malaria, once considered benign, is increasingly causing severe complications. This study details the emerging severe manifestations of Plasmodium vivax infections.

Area of Science:

  • Tropical medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Plasmodium vivax is traditionally known to cause benign tertian malaria.
  • Characterized by self-limiting febrile illness with tertian fever spikes.
  • Historically, severe complications and mortality were rare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document and highlight the spectrum of severe complications associated with Plasmodium vivax malaria.
  • To address the rising incidence of severe Plasmodium vivax cases.
  • To update the understanding of Plasmodium vivax pathogenicity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical case data.
  • Analysis of patient records with Plasmodium vivax infection.
  • Identification and categorization of reported complications.

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Phenotypic Analysis of Rodent Malaria Parasite Asexual and Sexual Blood Stages and Mosquito Stages
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Main Results:

  • Plasmodium vivax is increasingly associated with severe clinical manifestations.
  • Reported complications include severe anemia, respiratory distress, and organ dysfunction.
  • The frequency of severe Plasmodium vivax malaria is rising.

Conclusions:

  • Plasmodium vivax can cause severe and life-threatening illness.
  • The designation 'benign tertian malaria' may no longer be accurate.
  • Further research and clinical vigilance are needed for severe Plasmodium vivax malaria.