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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Drug Regulation01:25

Drug Regulation

Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
Global Regulatory Systems01:28

Global Regulatory Systems

Global regulatory systems in bacteria enable rapid and coordinated responses to environmental changes by integrating sensory inputs with gene expression, ensuring efficient adaptation to fluctuating conditions. Key global regulatory mechanisms include regulons, two-component systems, sigma factors, and secondary messengers.Regulons and Global RegulatorsA regulon is a collection of genes and operons controlled by a common global regulator. These regulators enable bacteria to prioritize resource...
Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact01:03

Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact

Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

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NMR-Based Fragment Screening in a Minimum Sample but Maximum Automation Mode
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Defragmenting the regulatory process.

Stuart Shapiro1

  • 1Bloustein School of Planning and Policy, Rutgers University, NJ, USA. stuartsh@rci.rutgers.edu

Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
|June 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Government regulations are slow and inefficient due to many low-value requirements. Streamlining these with improved cost-benefit analysis could speed up regulatory processes and enhance effectiveness.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Administration
  • Regulatory Policy
  • Economics

Background:

  • The regulatory process is frequently criticized for inefficiency and delays.
  • Numerous statutes and executive orders, such as the Paperwork Reduction Act and Regulatory Flexibility Act, contribute to this complexity.
  • Existing academic research has focused more on notice and comment and cost-benefit analysis, overlooking other procedural elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine the utility of various statutes and executive orders within the regulatory process.
  • To assess the resource consumption associated with these requirements.
  • To propose an alternative framework for regulatory analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis of regulatory statutes and executive orders.
  • Review of agency resource allocation related to compliance.
  • Comparative assessment of current regulatory requirements versus proposed alternatives.

Main Results:

  • Many existing regulatory requirements offer little demonstrable value.
  • These requirements consume significant agency resources without commensurate benefits.
  • The Paperwork Reduction Act and Regulatory Flexibility Act were identified as particularly low-utility mandates.

Conclusions:

  • The current regulatory framework is burdened by numerous ineffective requirements.
  • Replacing these with an enhanced cost-benefit analysis, including distributional impacts, can improve regulatory quality.
  • Such a reform could significantly reduce the time and resources needed for regulation promulgation.