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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The iodine is then...

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Related Experiment Video

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In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice
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MicroRNA Role in Thyroid Cancer Development.

Francesca Marini1, Ettore Luzi, Maria Luisa Brandi

  • 1Unit of Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy.

Journal of Thyroid Research
|June 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small molecules that regulate gene expression. Their altered expression is linked to thyroid cancer development and progression, highlighting their potential as biomarkers.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

In Vivo Inhibition of MicroRNA to Decrease Tumor Growth in Mice
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Published on: August 23, 2019

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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • miRNAs are crucial in biological processes like cell differentiation and signal transduction.
  • Deregulation of miRNA expression is implicated in various diseases, including cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of miRNA deregulation in thyroid tumors.
  • To explore the potential role of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of thyroid cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNA expression in thyroid tumors.
  • Analysis of data linking miRNA deregulation to thyroid cancer pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • miRNA expression profiles are consistently altered across different types of thyroid tumors.
  • Specific miRNAs show significant deregulation, potentially driving tumor development.

Conclusions:

  • miRNA deregulation is a common feature of thyroid cancer.
  • miRNAs represent promising candidates for diagnostic and prognostic applications in thyroid oncology.