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Effect of vitamin D(3) supplementation on peripheral B cell differentiation and isotype switching in patients with
Stephanie Knippenberg1, Joost Smolders, Mariëlle Thewissen
1School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands. S.Knippenberg@maastrichtuniversity.nl
Background:
Vitamin D has been proposed as a promoter of immune homeostasis in multiple sclerosis (MS). During the past decade, the focus of the effects of vitamin D has been on dendritic cells and on T cells. Since there is an increasing interest in the role of B cells in the pathophysiology of MS, we studied the role of vitamin D on B cells in vivo in patients with MS.
Objective:
We explored the effects of 12 weeks high-dose vitamin D(3) supplementation on peripheral B cell differentiation, immunoglobulin production and levels of B cell activating factor (BAFF) in 15 patients with MS.
Methods:
Circulating B cell subsets were characterized by flow cytometry. Plasma immunoglobulin levels were assessed by nephelometry. Plasma BAFF levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results:
Although a significant increase serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was induced, we found no significant shift in B cell differentiation, isotype switching, or plasma BAFF levels.
Conclusion:
In patients with MS, supplementation of high doses vitamin D(3) does not have substantial effects on phenotypic markers of B cell differentiation in circulating B cells. Future studies may unravel more subtle changes in the B cell compartment, either in the circulation or in the central nervous system.
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