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Related Concept Videos

The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Colloids03:22

Colloids

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble01:13

Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble

The shape of a small drop of liquid can be considered spherical, neglecting the effect of gravity. This drop can further be considered as two equal hemispherical drops put together due to surface tension. The forces acting on the spherical drop are due to the pressure of the liquid inside the drop, the pressure due to air outside the drop, and the force due to the surface tension acting on the two hemispherical drops.
Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions02:40

Osmosis and Osmotic Pressure of Solutions

A number of natural and synthetic materials exhibit selective permeation, meaning that only molecules or ions of a certain size, shape, polarity, charge, and so forth, are capable of passing through (permeating) the material. Biological cell membranes provide elegant examples of selective permeation in nature, while dialysis tubing used to remove metabolic wastes from blood is a more simplistic technological example. Regardless of how they may be fabricated, these materials are generally...

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Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures
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Published on: May 20, 2014

Glasses under high pressure: a link to colloidal science?

Th Voigtmann1, Wilson C K Poon

  • 1SUPA and School of Physics, The University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|June 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary

High-pressure experiments reveal a crossover in glass formation, suggesting density effects dominate over temperature at extremely high pressures, beyond typical experimental ranges.

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High-Sensitivity Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Giga-Pascal Pressures: A New Tool for Probing Electronic and Chemical Properties of Condensed Matter under Extreme Conditions
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Published on: October 10, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • The fundamental drivers of glass formation, specifically the roles of temperature versus pressure, remain an open question.
  • High-pressure experiments are increasingly utilized to probe the physics of glass transitions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay between temperature and pressure in driving glass formation.
  • To compare molecular glass data with colloidal glass-transition data to gain insights.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of molecular glass data with colloidal glass-transition data.
  • Exploration of glass formation regimes under varying pressure conditions.

Main Results:

  • A crossover in glass formation behavior was identified.
  • At very high pressures, density effects become the dominant factor, superseding temperature effects.
  • This high-pressure regime occurs at pressures exceeding those typically studied.

Conclusions:

  • Glass formation is not solely temperature-dependent; pressure plays a crucial role, especially at extreme conditions.
  • Density effects become paramount in the high-pressure regime of glass formation.
  • Future research should explore glass transitions at pressures beyond current experimental limits.