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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

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Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
06:09

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Published on: July 18, 2017

[Diffuse xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in infant].

O Bouali1, A Faure, K Chaumoitre

  • 1Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, hôpital des enfants de Toulouse, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France. bouali.o@chu-toulouse.fr

Progres En Urologie : Journal De L'Association Francaise D'Urologie Et De La Societe Francaise D'Urologie
|June 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare, severe kidney infection in infants presenting as a renal mass. Prompt nephrectomy and histological examination are crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Pediatric Urology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare, severe, destructive renal infection.
  • It is characterized by lipid-laden macrophages and granulomatous inflammation.
  • While typically associated with urinary tract obstruction and renal calculi, its pathogenesis in infants remains unclear.

Observation:

  • A 4-month-old boy presented with a left flank mass and tenderness, discovered during evaluation for prenatally diagnosed pelvi-calyceal dilatation.
  • Physical examination revealed a palpable left flank mass with tenderness.
  • Laboratory tests indicated an inflammatory syndrome, with negative urine cultures.

Findings:

  • Imaging studies (ultrasound and CT scan) suggested diffuse xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) affecting a non-functioning left kidney.
  • A left total nephrectomy was performed via a lumbar extraperitoneal approach.
  • Pathological examination confirmed diffuse XGP, with a kidney enlarged by pus and an atretic ureteral segment.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the rarity of XGP in infants and the importance of considering it in the differential diagnosis of pediatric renal masses.
  • Early diagnosis and surgical intervention (nephrectomy) are essential for managing this condition.
  • The successful outcome underscores the effectiveness of nephrectomy in treating XGP in infants, with the patient remaining well at 1-year follow-up.