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Related Experiment Video

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Development of New Methods for Quantifying Fish Density Using Underwater Stereo-video Tools
09:32

Development of New Methods for Quantifying Fish Density Using Underwater Stereo-video Tools

Published on: November 20, 2017

Range contraction in large pelagic predators.

Boris Worm1, Derek P Tittensor

  • 1Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada B3H 4R2. bworm@dal.ca

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|June 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exploited marine predators, like tuna and billfish, show significant range contractions mirroring land animals. Conservation concern species, such as bluefin tuna, experienced the largest range losses.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine ecology
  • Conservation biology
  • Macroecology

Background:

  • Exploited land predators exhibit range contractions linked to abundance declines.
  • The range-abundance relationship is a key macroecological pattern with conservation implications.
  • Highly mobile pelagic predators, such as tuna and billfish, are also subject to exploitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate range-abundance relationships in 13 species of pelagic predators (tuna and billfish).
  • To determine if pelagic predators exhibit range contractions similar to exploited land predators.
  • To assess the conservation status of these marine species based on range and abundance trends.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of two multidecadal global datasets on catch and fishing effort for tuna and billfish.
  • Comparison of spatial distribution data with available abundance time series from stock assessments.
  • Calculation of effort needed for reliable species presence detection and computation of decadal range sizes (1960-2000).

Main Results:

  • Significant range contractions observed in 9 of 13 species (2-46% range loss).
  • Significant range expansions noted in two species (11-29% increase).
  • Species with the largest abundance declines and conservation concern (e.g., bluefin tuna, marlin) showed the greatest range contractions.

Conclusions:

  • Pelagic predators exhibit range-abundance dynamics similar to terrestrial predators despite habitat differences.
  • Heavily exploited marine species face ecological extirpation across parts of their range.
  • Conservation strategies for marine predators should consider range shifts and abundance trends.