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Related Concept Videos

Subviral Agents01:29

Subviral Agents

Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining, normally used to...
Lethal Alleles02:41

Lethal Alleles

Agouti: A Lethal Allele
Lucien Cuénot discovered lethal alleles in 1905 while studying the inheritance of coat color in mice. The agouti gene is responsible for the color of the coat in mice. This gene codes for an agouti-signaling protein, which is responsible for melanin distribution in mammals. The wild-type allele gives rise to gray-brown coat color in mice, while the mutant allele gives rise to yellow coat color. In addition to coat color, the agouti gene is associated with the yellow...
Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...

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High-throughput Screening for Protein-based Inheritance in S. cerevisiae
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Published on: August 8, 2017

Tauons and prions: infamous cousins?

Petr Novak1, Michal Prcina, Eva Kontsekova

  • 1Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, AD Centre, Dubravska, cesta, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. Petr.Novak@savba.sk

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|June 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) research is evolving, revealing tau protein's crucial role alongside amyloid-beta. This study compares tau protein and prion diseases, examining their similarities and differences in neurodegeneration.

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

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Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification of Prions
10:12

Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification of Prions

Published on: November 7, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pathology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) understanding has shifted from amyloid-beta as the sole cause to recognizing tau protein's significant role.
  • Recent findings suggest prion-like mechanisms may contribute to AD pathogenesis, necessitating a comparative analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the similarities and differences between tau protein and prion diseases.
  • To evaluate the template agent genesis, filament assembly, and spread of prions and tauons.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of prion and tau protein pathology.
  • Review of existing literature on neurodegenerative disease mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Identified parallels in template-driven aggregation and propagation between prions and tau.
  • Highlighted key distinctions in cellular mechanisms and disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Tau protein exhibits prion-like characteristics, influencing neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
  • Understanding these similarities and differences is crucial for developing targeted AD therapies.