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Nephrolithiasis-induced end stage renal disease
M Ounissi1, T Gargueh, M Mahfoudhi
1Internal Medicine Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia. mejid66@yahoo.fr
Summary
Nephrolithiasis is an underappreciated cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing stone disease and preventing ESRD progression.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Urology
- Nephrolithiasis Research
Background:
- Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) is a significant, often overlooked, cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
- This study investigates the characteristics and outcomes of patients with ESRD caused by renal stone disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the proportion of ESRD cases attributable to nephrolithiasis.
- To analyze the types of kidney stones leading to ESRD.
- To identify factors influencing the progression to ESRD and patient survival.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 7128 patients initiating maintenance dialysis.
- Identification of 45 patients with ESRD due to renal stone disease.
- Analysis of stone type, etiology, treatment, and patient survival.
Main Results:
- Nephrolithiasis accounted for 0.63% of ESRD cases.
- Infection stones (struvite) were most common (40%), followed by calcium stones (26.67%), primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (17.78%), and uric acid lithiasis (15.56%).
- Factors like female gender, obesity, and elevated alkaline phosphatase correlated with faster ESRD progression; survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 97.6%, 92.8%, and 69% respectively.
Conclusions:
- Severe nephrolithiasis is an underestimated cause of ESRD.
- Accurate stone analysis and metabolic evaluation are vital for early diagnosis and effective treatment to prevent ESRD.
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