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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

An activation-based model of sentence processing as skilled memory retrieval.

Richard L Lewis¹, Shravan Vasishth

¹Departments of Psychology and Linguistics, University of MichiganInstitute for Linguistics, University of Potsdam.

Cognitive Science

|June 28, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a computational model for sentence comprehension, explaining working memory retrievals using Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R). Fluctuating activation and similarity-based interference are key factors in processing complex sentence structures.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Science
Computational Linguistics
Psychology

Background:

Sentence comprehension relies on working memory for processing linguistic input.
Existing models often struggle to explain the nuances of processing complexity, particularly with center-embedded structures.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a detailed process theory of working memory retrievals during sentence comprehension.
To formalize cognitive principles of memory and skill within the ACT-R architecture for sentence parsing.
To explain the difficulty associated with center-embedded sentences through a novel computational approach.

Main Methods:

Developed a process theory of sentence comprehension based on associative memory retrievals.
Implemented the theory computationally within the Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) architecture.
Conducted 6 sets of simulations to model effects of length, structural interference, and center-embedding difficulty.

Main Results:

The model quantitatively accounts for the effects of length and structural interference on sentence processing.
A graded taxonomy of center-embedding difficulty was generated, explained by reliance on retrieval cues over serial order.
Model fits were achieved with minimal free parameters, using ACT-R defaults.

Conclusions:

Fluctuating activation and similarity-based interference are critical factors in working memory during sentence processing.
The ACT-R model provides a robust explanation for sentence processing complexity, including center-embedding.
The theory offers novel predictions and contrasts with existing accounts of sentence comprehension.