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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Mouth01:26

Assessment of the Mouth

A thorough mouth assessment, including inspection and palpation of the lips, gums, tongue, tonsils, uvula, and pharynx, is crucial in detecting potential health issues. Diseases ranging from oral cancer to systemic conditions like diabetes could be identified early through careful oral examination. This article provides a detailed guide on conducting a comprehensive mouth assessment.
Mouth Inspection
The inspection begins with visually examining the mouth for symmetry, color, and size.
Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data01:17

Assessment of the Gastrointestinal System I: Subjective Data

Assessing the gastrointestinal (GI) system is a complex process that begins with collecting subjective data. This data, collected through patient interviews, provides crucial insights into the patient's health history, perception patterns, and lifestyle habits, all contributing significantly to GI health.
Health History
The initial step in assessing the GI system is obtaining a comprehensive health history. This includes inquiring about the patient's history or presence of problems related to...
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow01:24

Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow

The Barium Swallow Study, or a Barium Esophagogram, is a diagnostic imaging method used to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. It employs barium sulfate, a radiopaque contrast material, to provide clear images of the upper digestive system, helping to identify abnormalities, diseases, or structural issues.
Purpose and Procedure
Patients undergoing this procedure ingest a liquid containing barium sulfate with a chalky...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Critical tooth number without subjective dysphagia.

Kakuhiro Fukai1, Toru Takiguchi, Yuichi Ando

  • 1Fukai Institute of Health Science National Institute of Public Health, Department of Oral Health, Saitama, Japan. fukaik@fihs.org

Geriatrics & Gerontology International
|June 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Maintaining a critical tooth number (CTN) is vital for preventing swallowing difficulties (dysphagia). This study found that lower CTN thresholds are needed for older adults to avoid dysphagia and that CTN impacts mortality risk.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
08:47

Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults

Published on: February 2, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Oral Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Subjective dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, can arise from oral impairments.
  • The critical tooth number (CTN) is the minimum required to prevent dysphagia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the CTN for preventing subjective dysphagia in older adults.
  • To investigate the association between CTN and 15-year mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study of 5,643 residents (aged 40-89) in Miyako Islands, Okinawa, conducted in 1987.
  • Dental examinations and subjective dysphagia assessments were performed.
  • Mortality data was collected over the subsequent 15 years.

Main Results:

  • Average functional tooth count decreased with age in both sexes.
  • CTN varied by age group and sex, with older individuals requiring fewer teeth.
  • Lower CTN was significantly associated with increased 15-year mortality in both men and women.

Conclusions:

  • The minimum number of functional teeth required to prevent subjective dysphagia may be lower in older adults compared to younger populations.
  • CTN is a significant predictor of mortality in older adults.